How to use 이나 in Korean

이나 (i-na, ina)

이나 indicates choice, alternatives, or emphasizes quantity/time in Korean.

Korean particle 이나 usage explanation

Usage guide

When and how native speakers actually use it.

이나(i-na, ina)

'이나' is a particle used to indicate choice, alternatives, or to emphasize quantity/time.

When to use

Offering choices, Emphasizing quantity, Emphasizing time

The nuance

1. Attach ‘이나’ to nouns to express choice or alternatives. Example: Choose between an apple or a pear. 2. Use ‘이나’ to emphasize quantity or time. Example: I waited for as long as an hour. 3. Use ‘이나’ if the noun ends with a consonant, ‘나’ if it ends with a vowel. Example: 책이나 영화 (book or movie) 4. ‘이나’ is neutral, just indicating alternative or emphasis without negativity.

Real-world examples

  • 사과이나 배 중에서 고르세요.

    sa-gwa-i-na bae jung-e-seo go-reu-se-yo., sa gwa i na bae jung e seo go reu se yo.

    ‘이나’ attaches to nouns to indicate choice.

  • 한 시간이나 기다렸어요.

    han si-gan-i-na gi-da-ryeoss-eo-yo., han si gan i na gi da ryeoss eo yo.

    ‘이나’ emphasizes the length of time.

  • 책이나 영화 볼래요?

    chaek-i-na yeong-hwa bol-rae-yo?, chaek i na yeong hwa bol rae yo?

    ‘책’ cannot be 'watched'; contextually incorrect choice.

  • 사과나 배 중에서 고르세요.

    sa-gwa-na bae jung-e-seo go-reu-se-yo., sa gwa na bae jung e seo go reu se yo.

    ‘나’ is correct when noun ends with a vowel.

  • 한 시간나 기다렸어요.

    han si-gan-na gi-da-ryeoss-eo-yo., han si gan na gi da ryeoss eo yo.

    Use ‘나’ after nouns ending with a vowel like ‘시간’.

Quick quiz

  1. What does ‘이나’ mean?

    ‘이나’는 어떤 의미로 쓰이나요?(‘i-na’neuneo-tteonui-mi-rosseu-i-na-yo?, ‘ina’neuneotteonuimirosseuinayo?)
  2. If a noun ends with a consonant, how do you attach ‘이나’?

    ‘이나’를 붙일 때 명사 끝에 받침이 있으면 어떻게 하나요?(‘i-na’reulbut-ilttaemyeong-sakkeut-ebat-chim-iiss-eu-myeoneo-tteoh-geha-na-yo?, ‘ina’reulbutilttaemyeongsakkeutebatchimiisseumyeoneotteohgehanayo?)
  3. Which sentence is correct?

    다음 중 올바른 문장은?(da-eumjungol-ba-reunmun-jang-eun?, daeumjungolbareunmunjangeun?)

More usage guides

View all usage guides →