Difference between schoolgirl and high school student in Korean
여학생·고등학생

여학생schoolgirl
A schoolgirl is a girl who goes to school. In Korean, 여학생 means a female student. You can use it when talking about a girl at school, in class, or on the way to school.

고등학생high school student
The word (고등학생) means “high school student.” You use it for someone who goes to high school, usually a teenager. It is a common everyday word when talking about school life, family, or future dreams.
The difference
여학생 means a female student, so it tells you the student's gender. A 고등학생 tells you the school level instead.