Chapter 20

Top 10 Counters

Counters are used when you count things in Korean. The number system depends on the counter: some use Native Korean, and some use Sino-Korean.


Quick rule: which number system?

Counter typeNumber systemExamples
Counting things/people/ageNative Korean개, 명, 살, 마리, 잔, 권 (often)
Time (minutes) / moneySino-Korean분, 원
Time (hours)Native Korean시 (1–12 for hours)
Order/attemptsSino-Korean (common)

Native Korean often changes form before a counter: 하나한, 둘두, 셋세, 넷네, 스물스무.


Most common counter forms (Native Korean)

NumberBaseBefore counters
1하나
2
3
4
20스물스무

— items / general counting

ExampleMeaningNote
한 개1 item하나 → 한
두 개2 items둘 → 두
스무 개20 items스물 → 스무

— people

ExampleMeaningNote
한 명1 personNative Korean
세 명3 people셋 → 세
네 명4 people넷 → 네

— age

ExampleMeaningNote
열 살10 years oldNative Korean
스물네 살24 years old스물 + 네
서른 살30 years oldNative tens word

— times / attempts / order

often uses Sino-Korean numbers in everyday speech: 일 번, 이 번, 삼 번

ExampleMeaningNote
한 번onceNative form is very common too
두 번twiceNative form is very common too
3번number 3 / thirdOften read as 삼 번

— hours (clock time)

For hours (1–12), Native Korean is common: 한 시, 두 시… Minutes () use Sino-Korean.

ExampleMeaningNote
한 시1 o’clock하나 → 한
두 시2 o’clock둘 → 두
열두 시12 o’clockNative Korean

— minutes

ExampleMeaningNote
5분5 minutes오 분 (Sino)
10분10 minutes십 분
30분30 minutes삼십 분

— Korean won (money)

ExampleMeaningRead as
1,000원₩1,000천 원
5,000원₩5,000오천 원
10,000원₩10,000만 원

— cups / glasses

ExampleMeaningNote
한 잔one cup/glassNative Korean
두 잔two cups/glasses둘 → 두
세 잔three cups/glasses셋 → 세

마리 — animals

ExampleMeaningNote
한 마리one animalNative Korean
두 마리two animals둘 → 두
세 마리three animals셋 → 세

— books (volumes)

ExampleMeaningNote
한 권one bookNative Korean
두 권two books둘 → 두
세 권three books셋 → 세

Quick practice

PromptAnswer exampleSystem
3 people세 명Native
2 cups두 잔Native
10 minutes십 분Sino
5,000 won오천 원Sino
4 books네 권Native

Chapter goal: use counters naturally by pairing the right system (Native vs Sino) with the right counter.