희망하다 (hui-mang-ha-da, huimanghada) · 기대하다 (gi-dae-ha-da, gidaehada)
희망하다 focuses on the desire or wish for something, while 기대하다 emphasizes the belief or anticipation that something will happen.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
To have a wish or desire for something; to hope
When to use
Expressing future wishes, Wishing for uncertain outcomes, Formal expressions of hope
The nuance
희망하다 is mainly used to express wishes or desires, often for uncertain or distant future outcomes.
To believe or anticipate that something will happen
When to use
Anticipating likely events, Expectation based on belief, Everyday expressions of anticipation
The nuance
기대하다 indicates a mental state based on belief or anticipation that something is likely to happen.
나는 내년에 해외여행을 희망한다.
na-neun nae-nyeon-e hae-oe-yeo-haeng-eul hui-mang-han-da., na neun nae nyeon e hae oe yeo haeng eul hui mang han da.
Expressing a wish for the future fits '희망하다'.
나는 내년에 해외여행을 기대한다.
na-neun nae-nyeon-e hae-oe-yeo-haeng-eul gi-dae-han-da., na neun nae nyeon e hae oe yeo haeng eul gi dae han da.
Believing the trip will likely happen suits '기대하다'.
그는 승진을 기대한다.
geu-neun seung-jin-eul gi-dae-han-da., geu neun seung jin eul gi dae han da.
'기대하다' is natural when promotion is realistically expected.
그는 승진을 희망한다.
geu-neun seung-jin-eul hui-mang-han-da., geu neun seung jin eul hui mang han da.
'희망하다' also fits when expressing desire for promotion.
나는 내일 비가 오기를 기대한다.
na-neun nae-il bi-ga o-gi-reul gi-dae-han-da., na neun nae il bi ga o gi reul gi dae han da.
If you wish for rain, use '희망하다', not '기대하다'.
나는 내일 비가 오기를 희망한다.
na-neun nae-il bi-ga o-gi-reul hui-mang-han-da., na neun nae il bi ga o gi reul hui mang han da.
Proper to express hoping for rain.
우리는 좋은 결과를 기대한다.
u-ri-neun joh-eun gyeol-gwa-reul gi-dae-han-da., u ri neun joh eun gyeol gwa reul gi dae han da.
Believing in a good outcome fits '기대하다'.
우리는 좋은 결과를 희망한다.
u-ri-neun joh-eun gyeol-gwa-reul hui-mang-han-da., u ri neun joh eun gyeol gwa reul hui mang han da.
Expressing desire for a good result suits '희망하다'.
Which word is appropriate to express 'wishing for an uncertain future'?
Which word indicates 'believing in a likely event'?
Which is incorrect in: '나는 내일 시험에 합격하기를 ___.'?
