는데 (neun-de, neunde) · 은데 (eun-de, eunde) · 건데 (geon-de, geonde)
는데, 은데, and 건데 are all connective endings, but their usage depends on final consonants and context.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
Attached to verb or adjective stems to naturally connect sentences, show contrast, or provide background information.
When to use
everyday connection, background explanation, contrast expression
The nuance
Attached after verb or adjective stems regardless of final consonant presence.
Attached after adjectives or nouns to connect or contrast sentences.
When to use
noun/adjective connection, contrast emphasis, additional explanation
The nuance
Used after adjective stems or nouns with a final consonant.
A shortened form of ‘것인데’, used to present facts or situations and to invite expectation or reaction.
When to use
situation presentation, expectation induction, requesting reaction
The nuance
Attached after nouns, mainly to present situations or prompt reactions.
비가 오는데 우산을 가져가세요.
bi-ga o-neun-de u-san-eul ga-jyeo-ga-se-yo., bi ga o neun de u san eul ga jyeo ga se yo.
Used '는데' after verb '오다' correctly regardless of final consonant to connect naturally.
비가 오는은데 우산을 가져가세요.
bi-ga o-neun-eun-de u-san-eul ga-jyeo-ga-se-yo., bi ga o neun eun de u san eul ga jyeo ga se yo.
'오는' is a verb stem, so '는데' must be used; '은데' is for nouns/adjectives only.
날씨가 좋은은데 밖에 나가고 싶어요.
nal-ssi-ga joh-eun-eun-de bakk-e na-ga-go sip-eo-yo., nal ssi ga joh eun eun de bakk e na ga go sip eo yo.
Adjective '좋다' has final consonant, so '은데' is correctly used for natural contrast.
날씨가 좋은는데 밖에 나가고 싶어요.
nal-ssi-ga joh-eun-neun-de bakk-e na-ga-go sip-eo-yo., nal ssi ga joh eun neun de bakk e na ga go sip eo yo.
'좋다' has final consonant, so '은데' must be used; '는데' is incorrect here.
시간이 없건데 좀 도와줄래요?
si-gan-i eop-geon-de jom do-wa-jul-rae-yo?, si gan i eop geon de jom do wa jul rae yo?
'건데' is a shortened form of '것인데' attached after noun '시간' to present situation and request.
시간이 없는데 좀 도와줄래요?
si-gan-i eop-neun-de jom do-wa-jul-rae-yo?, si gan i eop neun de jom do wa jul rae yo?
'는데' is for verbs/adjectives; after nouns, '건데' must be used.
책이 재미있는은데 너무 두꺼워요.
chaek-i jae-mi-iss-neun-eun-de neo-mu du-kkeo-wo-yo., chaek i jae mi iss neun eun de neo mu du kkeo wo yo.
'재미있는' ends without final consonant, so '는데' is correct; '은데' is wrong.
책이 재미있는데 너무 두꺼워요.
chaek-i jae-mi-iss-neun-de neo-mu du-kkeo-wo-yo., chaek i jae mi iss neun de neo mu du kkeo wo yo.
Adjective '재미있다' ends without final consonant, so '는데' is correctly used.
Which is best after a noun to present a situation and induce expectation?
Which connective ending is used after adjective stems with a final consonant?
Which is used after verb stems to connect sentences naturally?
