추출하다 (chu-chul-ha-da, chuchulhada) · 추출되다 (chu-chul-doe-da, chuchuldoeda)
'추출하다' means actively extracting something by an agent, while '추출되다' indicates the extraction happens passively or is received.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
To actively extract or take out something from a source.
When to use
Active action, Human or machine agent, Collecting experimental results
The nuance
Used only when the subject actively extracts something. The subject is usually a person or an active agent like a machine.
Passive form indicating that something is extracted by another agent or process.
When to use
Passive state, Emphasis on result, Caused by external factors
The nuance
Used only when the subject is passively extracted by an external agent or factor, not acting on its own.
연구원이 시료에서 DNA를 추출했다.
yeon-gu-won-i si-ryo-e-seo dnareul chu-chul-haess-da., yeon gu won i si ryo e seo dnareul chu chul haess da.
The researcher actively performs extraction, so '추출하다' is correct.
DNA가 시료에서 추출되었다.
dnaga si-ryo-e-seo chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., dnaga si ryo e seo chu chul doe eoss da.
DNA is the passive subject being extracted, so '추출되다' is correct.
기계가 액체에서 성분을 추출되었다.
gi-gye-ga aek-che-e-seo seong-bun-eul chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., gi gye ga aek che e seo seong bun eul chu chul doe eoss da.
The machine acts actively, so use active '추출하다' instead of passive.
과학자는 시료에서 물질을 추출되었다.
gwa-hak-ja-neun si-ryo-e-seo mul-jil-eul chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., gwa hak ja neun si ryo e seo mul jil eul chu chul doe eoss da.
The scientist is the agent, so active '추출하다' is correct, not passive.
커피에서 카페인이 추출되었다.
keo-pi-e-seo ka-pe-in-i chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., keo pi e seo ka pe in i chu chul doe eoss da.
Caffeine is passively extracted, so '추출되다' fits.
커피에서 카페인을 추출되었다.
keo-pi-e-seo ka-pe-in-eul chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., keo pi e seo ka pe in eul chu chul doe eoss da.
Passive verb with an object is ungrammatical; passive form should not have an object.
엔지니어가 데이터를 추출했다.
en-ji-ni-eo-ga de-i-teo-reul chu-chul-haess-da., en ji ni eo ga de i teo reul chu chul haess da.
Engineer actively extracts data, so '추출하다' is correct.
데이터가 시스템에서 추출되었다.
de-i-teo-ga si-seu-tem-e-seo chu-chul-doe-eoss-da., de i teo ga si seu tem e seo chu chul doe eoss da.
Data is passively extracted, so '추출되다' is correct.
Which word is used when actively extracting something?
Which expression fits when something is passively extracted?
Fill in the blank: "The machine ___ components."
