실행하다(sil-haeng-ha-da, silhaenghada)
To actively perform or carry out an action by someone.
When to use
Active action, Executing commands, Implementing plans
The nuance
Used when the subject actively performs a plan, command, or task.
실행하다 vs 실행되다: Active vs Passive Usage
실행하다 (sil-haeng-ha-da, silhaenghada) · 실행되다 (sil-haeng-doe-da, silhaengdoeda)
실행하다 (silhaenghada) is active, meaning someone actively performs an action; 실행되다 (silhaengdoeda) is passive, meaning the action happens automatically or is performed by something else.
Word-by-word breakdown
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
실행되다(sil-haeng-doe-da, silhaengdoeda)
An action or task is carried out by someone else or happens automatically.
When to use
Passive context, Automatic execution, Task completion state
The nuance
Used when the subject is passive, and the action happens automatically or is done by another agent.
Real-world examples
프로그램을 실행하다.
peu-ro-geu-raem-eul sil-haeng-ha-da., peu ro geu raem eul sil haeng ha da.
Expresses actively running a program, so 실행하다 is correct.
프로그램이 실행되다.
peu-ro-geu-raem-i sil-haeng-doe-da., peu ro geu raem i sil haeng doe da.
The program is the subject and runs automatically, so 실행되다 is correct.
나는 명령을 실행되다.
na-neun myeong-ryeong-eul sil-haeng-doe-da., na neun myeong ryeong eul sil haeng doe da.
Subject is active, so 실행하다 must be used; 실행되다 is passive and incorrect here.
명령이 실행하다.
myeong-ryeong-i sil-haeng-ha-da., myeong ryeong i sil haeng ha da.
Command is a passive object, so 실행되다 is correct; 실행하다 is inappropriate.
그는 계획을 실행했다.
geu-neun gye-hoek-eul sil-haeng-haess-da., geu neun gye hoek eul sil haeng haess da.
Subject actively performs the plan, so 실행하다 is correct.
계획이 실행되었다.
gye-hoek-i sil-haeng-doe-eoss-da., gye hoek i sil haeng doe eoss da.
Plan is passively executed, so 실행되다 is correct.
우리는 작업이 실행되었다.
u-ri-neun jak-eop-i sil-haeng-doe-eoss-da., u ri neun jak eop i sil haeng doe eoss da.
We are active subjects, so 실행했다 must be used; 실행되다 is passive and wrong here.
작업이 실행했다.
jak-eop-i sil-haeng-haess-da., jak eop i sil haeng haess da.
Task is passive, so 실행되다 is correct; 실행하다 is inappropriate.
Quick quiz
Which word is used when someone actively does something?
누군가가 직접 어떤 일을 할 때 어떤 단어를 사용하나요?(nu-gun-ga-gajik-jeopeo-tteonil-eulhalttaeeo-tteondan-eo-reulsa-yong-ha-na-yo?, nugungagajikjeopeotteonileulhalttaeeotteondaneoreulsayonghanayo?)Which expression fits when a task completes automatically?
작업이 자동으로 완료될 때 어떤 표현이 적절한가요?(jak-eop-ija-dong-eu-rowan-ryo-doelttaeeo-tteonpyo-hyeon-ijeok-jeol-han-ga-yo?, jakeopijadongeurowanryodoelttaeeotteonpyohyeonijeokjeolhangayo?)Fill in the blank: "He ____ the command."
"그는 명령을 ____"에 들어갈 알맞은 단어는?("geu-neunmyeong-ryeong-eul____"edeul-eo-galal-maj-eundan-eo-neun?, "geuneunmyeongryeongeul____"edeuleogalalmajeundaneoneun?)
More comparisons to explore
- Nopim vs Najchum vs Jungnip: Subtle Differences in Honorifics and Attitudes
- 오늘 vs 어제 vs 내일: Mastering Time Expressions
- 면접하다 vs 면접되다: Who is doing the interview?
- 조용하다 vs 시끄럽다: Quietness vs Noise
- 과제하다 vs 과제되다: Who is the Subject?
- 교육하다 vs 교육되다: Who teaches and who learns?
- 많이 vs 너무 vs 아주: Clear Differences Explained
- 마감하다 vs 마감되다: Active vs Passive Nuance