마감하다 (ma-gam-ha-da, magamhada) · 마감되다 (ma-gam-doe-da, magamdoeda)
마감하다 (magamhada) is active, meaning to actively close or finish something, while 마감되다 (magamdoeda) is passive, indicating that something is closed or finished by an external factor or automatically.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
To actively finish or close a task or work
When to use
Deadline submission, Project completion, Sales ending, Reservation closing
The nuance
Use when the subject actively performs the action to finish or close something. It is an active verb.
To be finished or closed due to external factors or circumstances
When to use
Submission period ended, Project auto-closed, Sales period expired, Reservation closing notice
The nuance
Use when something ends or closes passively, either automatically or by external influence. It is a passive verb.
서류 제출 마감일을 연장했습니다.
seo-ryu je-chul ma-gam-il-eul yeon-jang-haess-seup-ni-da., seo ryu je chul ma gam il eul yeon jang haess seup ni da.
The subject actively extends the deadline, so 마감하다 is correct.
서류 제출이 마감되었습니다.
seo-ryu je-chul-i ma-gam-doe-eoss-seup-ni-da., seo ryu je chul i ma gam doe eoss seup ni da.
The submission period ended due to external factors, so 마감되다 is correct.
프로젝트를 마감되었습니다.
peu-ro-jek-teu-reul ma-gam-doe-eoss-seup-ni-da., peu ro jek teu reul ma gam doe eoss seup ni da.
The subject must actively finish the project, so use active 마감하다.
판매 기간을 마감했다.
pan-mae gi-gan-eul ma-gam-haess-da., pan mae gi gan eul ma gam haess da.
Directly closing the sales period is active, so 마감하다 is correct.
판매 기간이 마감했다.
pan-mae gi-gan-i ma-gam-haess-da., pan mae gi gan i ma gam haess da.
The period cannot act itself, so use passive 마감되다.
예약 마감 시간이 다가오고 있다.
ye-yak ma-gam si-gan-i da-ga-o-go iss-da., ye yak ma gam si gan i da ga o go iss da.
Time passes automatically, so use passive 마감되다.
예약을 마감하고 싶습니다.
ye-yak-eul ma-gam-ha-go sip-seup-ni-da., ye yak eul ma gam ha go sip seup ni da.
The subject actively wants to close the reservation, so 마감하다 is correct.
예약이 마감했다.
ye-yak-i ma-gam-haess-da., ye yak i ma gam haess da.
Reservation cannot act itself; use passive 마감되다.
Correct expression when document submission period ends?
How to say I actively finished the project?
When sales period ends automatically?
