What does 하지만 mean?

하지만 (ha-ji-man, hajiman)

하지만 is a conjunctive adverb expressing contrast or opposition, similar to 'however' or 'but' in English.

Korean word 하지만 meaning however or but

Definition & nuance

Core meaning and shades learners miss.

하지만(ha-ji-man, hajiman)

하지만 is a conjunctive adverb used to connect contrasting or opposing ideas between sentences.

Nuances

  • '하지만' is similar to '그러나' and '그렇지만' but can appear mid-sentence or at the start.
  • It signals a strong contrast or reversal from the previous statement.
  • Used frequently in both casual speech and formal writing.

When to use

daily conversation, business email, debate, writing

In context

하지만 typically appears between two sentences to indicate contrast or reversal between them. It is natural in both spoken and written Korean and appropriate in formal contexts.

Real-world examples

  • 저는 커피를 좋아해요. 하지만 오늘은 차를 마시고 싶어요.

    jeo-neun keo-pi-reul joh-a-hae-yo. ha-ji-man o-neul-eun cha-reul ma-si-go sip-eo-yo., jeo neun keo pi reul joh a hae yo. ha ji man o neul eun cha reul ma si go sip eo yo.

    The two sentences express contrasting ideas, so '하지만' is appropriate.

  • 그는 열심히 공부했지만 시험을 잘 못 봤어요.

    geu-neun yeol-sim-hi gong-bu-haess-ji-man si-heom-eul jal mos bwass-eo-yo., geu neun yeol sim hi gong bu haess ji man si heom eul jal mos bwass eo yo.

    '하지만' correctly connects a contrasting result to the previous sentence.

  • 나는 피자를 좋아하지만, 오늘은 피자를 먹었어요.

    na-neun pi-ja-reul joh-a-ha-ji-man, o-neul-eun pi-ja-reul meok-eoss-eo-yo., na neun pi ja reul joh a ha ji man, o neul eun pi ja reul meok eoss eo yo.

    The sentences do not contrast logically, making '하지만' usage awkward.

  • 비가 와요. 하지만 우리는 산책할 거예요.

    bi-ga wa-yo. ha-ji-man u-ri-neun san-chaek-hal geo-ye-yo., bi ga wa yo. ha ji man u ri neun san chaek hal geo ye yo.

    The contrast between rain and walking plans justifies '하지만'.

  • 나는 운동을 좋아해요. 그리고 매일 해요.

    na-neun un-dong-eul joh-a-hae-yo. geu-ri-go mae-il hae-yo., na neun un dong eul joh a hae yo. geu ri go mae il hae yo.

    '그리고' is the correct connector here, not '하지만'.

  • 회의는 길었어요. 하지만 중요한 결정이 있었어요.

    hoe-ui-neun gil-eoss-eo-yo. ha-ji-man jung-yo-han gyeol-jeong-i iss-eoss-eo-yo., hoe ui neun gil eoss eo yo. ha ji man jung yo han gyeol jeong i iss eoss eo yo.

    Expresses contrast between a long meeting and an important decision well.

Quick quiz

  1. What is the most appropriate meaning of '하지만'?

    '하지만'의 의미로 가장 적절한 것은?('ha-ji-man'uiui-mi-roga-jangjeok-jeol-hangeos-eun?, 'hajiman'uiuimirogajangjeokjeolhangeoseun?)
  2. Which sentence uses '하지만' correctly?

    다음 중 '하지만'을 올바르게 사용한 문장은?(da-eumjung'ha-ji-man'eulol-ba-reu-gesa-yong-hanmun-jang-eun?, daeumjung'hajiman'eulolbareugesayonghanmunjangeun?)
  3. Which sentence is NOT appropriate for '하지만'?

    '하지만'이 적절하지 않은 문장은?('ha-ji-man'ijeok-jeol-ha-jian-eunmun-jang-eun?, 'hajiman'ijeokjeolhajianeunmunjangeun?)

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