Pattern: -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다
-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다 (-(eu)ㄴjeok-iiss-da, (eu)ㄴjeokiissda)
-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다 is used to talk about past experiences. It naturally expresses whether someone has done something before.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
An expression indicating that someone has had the experience of doing something in the past
When to use
Talking about past experiences, Self-introduction, Discussing hobbies
The nuance
Attach '-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다' to the verb stem to express past experience. Use '-은 적이 있다' if the stem ends with a consonant, '-ㄴ 적이 있다' if it ends with a vowel. The same applies to adjectives. Use '-던 적이 있다' to express past habitual or repeated experiences.
한국에 가 본 적이 있어요.
han-guk-e ga bon jeok-i iss-eo-yo., han guk e ga bon jeok i iss eo yo.
The verb '가다' stem ends with a vowel, so '-본 적이 있다' is correctly used.
저는 일본 음식을 먹은 적이 있어요.
jeo-neun il-bon eum-sik-eul meok-eun jeok-i iss-eo-yo., jeo neun il bon eum sik eul meok eun jeok i iss eo yo.
The verb '먹다' stem ends with a consonant, so '-은 적이 있다' is correctly used.
이 영화를 본 적이 없어요.
i yeong-hwa-reul bon jeok-i eop-eo-yo., i yeong hwa reul bon jeok i eop eo yo.
Even in negative sentences, '-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다' is used to express lack of experience.
그 사람을 만난 적이 있어요.
geu sa-ram-eul man-nan jeok-i iss-eo-yo., geu sa ram eul man nan jeok i iss eo yo.
The verb '만나다' stem ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ 적이 있다' is correct.
어렸을 때 자주 놀던 적이 있어요.
eo-ryeoss-eul ttae ja-ju nol-deon jeok-i iss-eo-yo., eo ryeoss eul ttae ja ju nol deon jeok i iss eo yo.
'-던 적이 있다' expresses past habitual or repeated experiences.
저는 한국어를 공부한 적이 없어요.
jeo-neun han-guk-eo-reul gong-bu-han jeok-i eop-eo-yo., jeo neun han guk eo reul gong bu han jeok i eop eo yo.
It clearly expresses no experience in negative sentences.
이거 먹은 적 있어요?
i-geo meok-eun jeok iss-eo-yo?, i geo meok eun jeok iss eo yo?
Natural in casual conversation to ask about past experience.
저는 그 사람을 만난 적 없어요.
jeo-neun geu sa-ram-eul man-nan jeok eop-eo-yo., jeo neun geu sa ram eul man nan jeok eop eo yo.
'만난 적이 없다' is correct; omitting '이' is ungrammatical.
Which sentence correctly uses '-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다'?
What does '-던 적이 있다' mean?
What is the correct '-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다' form for the verb '가다'?
