Pattern: -(으)ㄴ 적이
-(으)ㄴ 적이 (-(eu)ㄴjeok-i, (eu)ㄴjeoki)
-(으)ㄴ 적이 is used to talk about past experiences. It's handy when naturally asking or stating if someone has done something before.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
An expression indicating past experience of having done something
When to use
Asking about past experience, Talking about one's experience, Checking someone else's experience
The nuance
Attach '-(으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다' to the verb stem to express past experience. Use '-은 적이' if the stem ends with a consonant, '-ㄴ 적이' if it ends with a vowel. Example: 가다 → 간 적이 있다, 먹다 → 먹은 적이 있다.
한국에 가 본 적이 있어요.
han-guk-e ga bon jeok-i iss-eo-yo., han guk e ga bon jeok i iss eo yo.
'가다' ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ 적이' is correct as in '가 본 적이'.
저는 그 영화를 본 적이 없어요.
jeo-neun geu yeong-hwa-reul bon jeok-i eop-eo-yo., jeo neun geu yeong hwa reul bon jeok i eop eo yo.
'보다' ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ 적이' is correct.
먹은 적이 있어요.
meok-eun jeok-i iss-eo-yo., meok eun jeok i iss eo yo.
'먹다' ends with a consonant, so '-은 적이' is correct.
운동한 적이 많아요.
un-dong-han jeok-i man-a-yo., un dong han jeok i man a yo.
'운동하다' ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ 적이' is correct.
간 적이 없어요.
gan jeok-i eop-eo-yo., gan jeok i eop eo yo.
'가다' ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ 적이' is correct.
읽은 적이 있어요.
ik-eun jeok-i iss-eo-yo., ik eun jeok i iss eo yo.
'읽다' ends with a consonant, so '-은 적이' is correct.
본 적이 있어요.
bon jeok-i iss-eo-yo., bon jeok i iss eo yo.
The past form of '보다' is '봤다', stem '보' plus '-ㄴ 적이' makes '본 적이'.
읽은 적이 없어요.
ik-eun jeok-i eop-eo-yo., ik eun jeok i eop eo yo.
'읽다' ends with a consonant, so '-은 적이' is correct.
Which sentence correctly uses '-(으)ㄴ 적이'?
Which '-(으)ㄴ 적이' form fits the verb '먹다'?
Which sentence is incorrect?
