Pattern: -(아/어)야 되다
-(아/어)야 되다 (-(a, (a, eo)yadoe-da, eo)yadoeda)
-(아/어)야 되다 expresses obligation or necessity like 'must' or 'have to' in English.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
Indicates that an action or state is necessary or obligatory.
When to use
Expressing obligation, Talking about necessity, Explaining rules
The nuance
Attach -(아/어)야 되다 to the verb stem. Use 아야 if the last vowel of the stem is ㅏ or ㅗ; otherwise, use 어야. 되다 remains unchanged. Example: 가다 → 가야 되다, 먹다 → 먹어야 되다.
내일까지 숙제를 해야 돼.
nae-il-kka-ji suk-je-reul hae-ya dwae., nae il kka ji suk je reul hae ya dwae.
‘해야 돼’ clearly expresses obligation, so it's natural.
여기서 담배 피워야 돼요.
yeo-gi-seo dam-bae pi-wo-ya dwae-yo., yeo gi seo dam bae pi wo ya dwae yo.
‘담배 피워야 돼요’ expresses obligation, but here smoking is prohibited, so it's inappropriate.
약을 꼭 먹어야 돼요.
yak-eul kkok meok-eo-ya dwae-yo., yak eul kkok meok eo ya dwae yo.
‘먹어야 돼요’ naturally expresses a health-related obligation.
이 서류를 제출해야 돼.
i seo-ryu-reul je-chul-hae-ya dwae., i seo ryu reul je chul hae ya dwae.
‘제출해야 돼’ appropriately indicates official obligation.
내일 일찍 일어나야 돼요.
nae-il il-jjik il-eo-na-ya dwae-yo., nae il il jjik il eo na ya dwae yo.
‘일어나야 돼요’ naturally expresses personal obligation.
여기서 사진 찍어야 돼.
yeo-gi-seo sa-jin jjik-eo-ya dwae., yeo gi seo sa jin jjik eo ya dwae.
‘사진 찍어야 돼’ implies obligation, but usually photos are allowed or forbidden, so it's unnatural.
What does -(아/어)야 되다 mean?
How do you attach -(아/어)야 되다 to ‘먹다’?
Which sentence is correct?
