연결 (yeon-gyeol, yeongyeol) · 종결 (jong-gyeol, jonggyeol) · 전성 (jeon-seong, jeonseong)
연결 connects sentences or words, 종결 ends sentences, and 전성 changes a word’s part of speech.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
Connecting sentences or words
When to use
between sentences, between words, middle position
The nuance
연결 is used for expressions or grammatical elements that connect sentences or words naturally. It usually appears in the middle and implies continuation.
Ending a sentence
When to use
sentence ending, clear intention, standalone sentence
The nuance
종결 is used at the end of a sentence to complete it, marking the sentence’s intention clearly, such as statements, questions, or commands.
Changing a word’s part of speech
When to use
part of speech change, use of affixes, word formation
The nuance
전성 is a grammatical process where affixes attach to roots or words to change their part of speech, such as nominalization, adjectivization, or adverbialization, creating new words.
저는 학교에 갑니다.
jeo-neun hak-gyo-e gap-ni-da., jeo neun hak gyo e gap ni da.
The sentence ends with the ending '-니다', which is a 종결 form, so using 종결 is correct.
저는 학교에 가고, 친구는 도서관에 갑니다.
jeo-neun hak-gyo-e ga-go, chin-gu-neun do-seo-gwan-e gap-ni-da., jeo neun hak gyo e ga go, chin gu neun do seo gwan e gap ni da.
The connective ending '-고' properly connects two sentences, so 연결 is used correctly.
행복하다 → 행복함
haeng-bok-ha-da → haeng-bok-ham, haeng bok ha da → haeng bok ham
This is a 전성 example where the adjective '행복하다' is nominalized to '행복함'.
저는 학교에 갑니다 그리고 친구는 도서관에 갑니다.
jeo-neun hak-gyo-e gap-ni-da geu-ri-go chin-gu-neun do-seo-gwan-e gap-ni-da., jeo neun hak gyo e gap ni da geu ri go chin gu neun do seo gwan e gap ni da.
Although '그리고' is a connective word, connecting two sentences without a comma is unnatural; the connective ending '-고' should be used.
먹다 연결 먹고 종결 먹어요 전성 먹음
meok-da yeon-gyeol meok-go jong-gyeol meok-eo-yo jeon-seong meok-eum, meok da yeon gyeol meok go jong gyeol meok eo yo jeon seong meok eum
Listing grammar terms without context causes confusion; each term has a distinct role and must be shown with proper examples separately.
책을 읽고 공부한다.
chaek-eul ik-go gong-bu-han-da., chaek eul ik go gong bu han da.
The connective ending '-고' naturally connects two actions.
나는 밥을 먹었다.
na-neun bap-eul meok-eoss-da., na neun bap eul meok eoss da.
The sentence ends with the ending '-었다', which is a 종결 form.
행복하다 → 행복하게
haeng-bok-ha-da → haeng-bok-ha-ge, haeng bok ha da → haeng bok ha ge
This is a 전성 example where the adjective '행복하다' is changed into the adverb '행복하게'.
Which of the following ends a sentence?
What grammatical process changes '먹다' to '먹음'?
What is used in '친구와 함께 갔다가, 영화를 봤다.'?
What ends the sentence in '저는 밥을 먹습니다.'?
