합격하다 (hap-gyeok-ha-da, hapgyeokhada) · 합격되다 (hap-gyeok-doe-da, hapgyeokdoeda)
'합격하다' expresses actively passing an exam, while '합격되다' emphasizes the passive receipt of the exam result.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
To actively pass an exam or screening.
When to use
Passing exam, Self-driven action, Active expression
The nuance
Used when the subject actively passes the exam. Strong active meaning, usually with a person as the subject.
To be passively given the result of passing or to become in a passed state.
When to use
Exam result notification, Passive state, Result-focused expression
The nuance
Used to express the subject being passively passed. Nuance of the result being given by the exam authority or external factors.
나는 이번 시험에 합격했다.
na-neun i-beon si-heom-e hap-gyeok-haess-da., na neun i beon si heom e hap gyeok haess da.
Naturally expresses the subject actively passing the exam.
나는 이번 시험에 합격되었다.
na-neun i-beon si-heom-e hap-gyeok-doe-eoss-da., na neun i beon si heom e hap gyeok doe eoss da.
Using passive form here is unnatural for active passing; use '합격했다' instead.
그는 드디어 합격했다.
geu-neun deu-di-eo hap-gyeok-haess-da., geu neun deu di eo hap gyeok haess da.
Appropriate for active, subject-driven passing.
그는 드디어 합격되었다.
geu-neun deu-di-eo hap-gyeok-doe-eoss-da., geu neun deu di eo hap gyeok doe eoss da.
Passive form is awkward when subject is a person; active form recommended.
합격되었다는 소식을 들었다.
hap-gyeok-doe-eoss-da-neun so-sik-eul deul-eoss-da., hap gyeok doe eoss da neun so sik eul deul eoss da.
Passive form is natural when the exam result is notified externally.
합격했다는 소식을 들었다.
hap-gyeok-haess-da-neun so-sik-eul deul-eoss-da., hap gyeok haess da neun so sik eul deul eoss da.
Active form can also convey the passing news.
시험에 합격되었다고 자랑하지 마라.
si-heom-e hap-gyeok-doe-eoss-da-go ja-rang-ha-ji ma-ra., si heom e hap gyeok doe eoss da go ja rang ha ji ma ra.
Passive form is unnatural with a person subject; use '합격했다'.
시험에 합격했다고 자랑하지 마라.
si-heom-e hap-gyeok-haess-da-go ja-rang-ha-ji ma-ra., si heom e hap gyeok haess da go ja rang ha ji ma ra.
Active and natural expression.
Which word is appropriate to express the subject actively passing the exam?
Which expression fits when the exam result is notified externally?
Which expression is natural when the subject is a person?
