훈련하다 (hun-ryeon-ha-da, hunryeonhada) · 훈련되다 (hun-ryeon-doe-da, hunryeondoeda)
훈련하다 (hun-ryeonhada) means actively training someone, while 훈련되다 (hun-ryeondoeda) describes being trained or conditioned passively.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
Refers to the active act of training or coaching someone directly.
When to use
Coach training athlete, Military training recruits, Training animals
The nuance
Use 훈련하다 when the subject actively trains or teaches someone or something else.
Describes the state of having been trained or conditioned, a passive experience.
When to use
Soldier receiving training, Pet dog becoming obedient, Employee improving skills
The nuance
Use 훈련되다 when the subject is the one being trained or conditioned, focusing on the passive experience or result.
코치가 선수들을 열심히 훈련한다.
ko-chi-ga seon-su-deul-eul yeol-sim-hi hun-ryeon-han-da., ko chi ga seon su deul eul yeol sim hi hun ryeon han da.
훈련하다 is correct because the subject actively trains others.
선수들이 코치에게 훈련한다.
seon-su-deul-i ko-chi-e-ge hun-ryeon-han-da., seon su deul i ko chi e ge hun ryeon han da.
Incorrect because players training the coach is illogical and contextually wrong.
군대에서 신병을 훈련한다.
gun-dae-e-seo sin-byeong-eul hun-ryeon-han-da., gun dae e seo sin byeong eul hun ryeon han da.
훈련하다 fits the active role of the army training recruits.
신병들이 군대에서 훈련한다.
sin-byeong-deul-i gun-dae-e-seo hun-ryeon-han-da., sin byeong deul i gun dae e seo hun ryeon han da.
Incorrect because recruits are being trained, not actively training others; 훈련되다 is correct.
그 개는 잘 훈련되었다.
geu gae-neun jal hun-ryeon-doe-eoss-da., geu gae neun jal hun ryeon doe eoss da.
훈련되다 is correct because it expresses the dog’s trained state passively.
그 개를 훈련되었다.
geu gae-reul hun-ryeon-doe-eoss-da., geu gae reul hun ryeon doe eoss da.
Incorrect because 훈련되다 is intransitive and cannot take a direct object.
직원이 새 업무에 잘 훈련되었다.
jik-won-i sae eop-mu-e jal hun-ryeon-doe-eoss-da., jik won i sae eop mu e jal hun ryeon doe eoss da.
훈련되다 correctly describes the employee’s trained condition.
직원을 새 업무에 훈련되었다.
jik-won-eul sae eop-mu-e hun-ryeon-doe-eoss-da., jik won eul sae eop mu e hun ryeon doe eoss da.
Incorrect because 훈련되다 is intransitive and cannot take a direct object.
Which word to use when someone actively trains another?
Which word is appropriate to describe a dog trained to obey commands?
Fill in the blank: ‘The army ___ recruits.’
Fill in the blank: ‘The employee was well ___ for the new task.’
