Pattern: -(으)ㄹ 때까지
-(으)ㄹ 때까지 (-(eu)ㄹttae-kka-ji, (eu)ㄹttaekkaji)
-(으)ㄹ 때까지 expresses the duration until an action or state continues.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
A connective ending indicating the point in time until an action or state occurs or continues
When to use
waiting, achieving goals, passage of time
The nuance
Attach -(으)ㄹ 때까지 to the future tense of verbs or adjectives to mean 'until (something happens).' Use '-을 때까지' if the verb stem ends with a consonant, and '-ㄹ 때까지' if it ends with a vowel. It expresses the duration until an action or state continues.
시험이 끝날 때까지 공부할 거예요.
si-heom-i kkeut-nal ttae-kka-ji gong-bu-hal geo-ye-yo., si heom i kkeut nal ttae kka ji gong bu hal geo ye yo.
‘끝날’ is the future form of ‘끝나다’ without a final consonant, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is correctly used.
비가 그칠 때까지 기다립시다.
bi-ga geu-chil ttae-kka-ji gi-da-rip-si-da., bi ga geu chil ttae kka ji gi da rip si da.
‘그칠’ is the future form of ‘그치다’ without a final consonant, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is appropriate.
문이 열릴 때까지 밖에서 기다려 주세요.
mun-i yeol-ril ttae-kka-ji bakk-e-seo gi-da-ryeo ju-se-yo., mun i yeol ril ttae kka ji bakk e seo gi da ryeo ju se yo.
‘열릴’ is future form of ‘열리다’ without a final consonant, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is correct.
밥을 먹을 때까지 TV를 보지 마세요.
bap-eul meok-eul ttae-kka-ji tvreul bo-ji ma-se-yo., bap eul meok eul ttae kka ji tvreul bo ji ma se yo.
‘먹다’ stem ends with a consonant, so ‘-을 때까지’ is correctly used.
영화가 시작할 때까지 자지 마세요.
yeong-hwa-ga si-jak-hal ttae-kka-ji ja-ji ma-se-yo., yeong hwa ga si jak hal ttae kka ji ja ji ma se yo.
‘시작하다’ stem ends with a vowel, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is correct.
친구가 올 때까지 기다렸어요.
chin-gu-ga ol ttae-kka-ji gi-da-ryeoss-eo-yo., chin gu ga ol ttae kka ji gi da ryeoss eo yo.
‘오다’ stem ends with a vowel, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is correctly used.
문을 닫을 때까지 회의가 계속됩니다.
mun-eul dat-eul ttae-kka-ji hoe-ui-ga gye-sok-doep-ni-da., mun eul dat eul ttae kka ji hoe ui ga gye sok doep ni da.
‘닫다’ stem ends with a consonant, so ‘-을 때까지’ is correct.
학교에 도착할 때까지 전화하지 마세요.
hak-gyo-e do-chak-hal ttae-kka-ji jeon-hwa-ha-ji ma-se-yo., hak gyo e do chak hal ttae kka ji jeon hwa ha ji ma se yo.
‘도착하다’ stem ends with a vowel, so ‘-ㄹ 때까지’ is correct.
Which sentence correctly uses -(으)ㄹ 때까지?
Which -(으)ㄹ 때까지 form fits the verb ‘먹다’?
Which -(으)ㄹ 때까지 form fits the verb ‘시작하다’?
