Pattern: -(으)니
-(으)니 (-(eu)ni, (eu)ni)
-(으)니 is a connective ending used to express reason or cause, common in daily speech and writing.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
Expresses the reason or cause of an action or state.
When to use
explaining reasons, stating causes, formal speech
The nuance
Attach '-으니' after consonant stems or '-니' after vowel stems of verbs/adjectives to express cause or reason. It usually appears at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a result or judgment. Commonly used in formal contexts.
비가 오니 우산을 챙기세요.
bi-ga o-ni u-san-eul chaeng-gi-se-yo., bi ga o ni u san eul chaeng gi se yo.
'-으니' correctly attaches to verb stem '오-' to express cause.
날씨가 추우니 옷을 따뜻하게 입으세요.
nal-ssi-ga chu-u-ni os-eul tta-tteus-ha-ge ip-eu-se-yo., nal ssi ga chu u ni os eul tta tteus ha ge ip eu se yo.
'-으니' attaches to adjective stem '춥-' to indicate reason.
시간이 없으니 빨리 가자.
si-gan-i eop-eu-ni ppal-ri ga-ja., si gan i eop eu ni ppal ri ga ja.
Natural expression for stating reason in polite context.
배가 고프니 밥을 먹자.
bae-ga go-peu-ni bap-eul meok-ja., bae ga go peu ni bap eul meok ja.
Natural cause-effect connection in everyday speech.
좋으니 가자.
joh-eu-ni ga-ja., joh eu ni ga ja.
Must attach '-으니' after consonant stem; '좋으니' is correct form.
먹으니 배고파요.
meok-eu-ni bae-go-pa-yo., meok eu ni bae go pa yo.
The cause and effect relationship is illogical here.
Choose the sentence that uses -(으)니 to express a reason.
Which sentence incorrectly uses -(으)니?
What is the correct way to attach -(으)니?
