Pattern: -(으)ㄴ/는데
-(으)ㄴ/는데 (-(eu)ㄴ, (eu)ㄴ, neun-de, neunde)
-(으)ㄴ/는데 is a versatile connective ending used for background info, contrast, and reasons.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
A connective ending used to give background, contrast, or reasons
When to use
background explanation, contrast expression, giving reasons, questions and answers
The nuance
Attach -(으)ㄴ데 to past tense verbs/adjectives, -는데 to present tense verbs/adjectives, and (이)ㄴ데 to nouns. The first clause provides background or context; the second clause often shows contrast, result, suggestion, or question.
비가 오는데 우산을 가져가세요.
bi-ga o-neun-de u-san-eul ga-jyeo-ga-se-yo., bi ga o neun de u san eul ga jyeo ga se yo.
Present verb stem '오다' + -는데 is correctly used.
어제 본 영화가 재미있는데 같이 볼래요?
eo-je bon yeong-hwa-ga jae-mi-iss-neun-de gat-i bol-rae-yo?, eo je bon yeong hwa ga jae mi iss neun de gat i bol rae yo?
Past verb '보다' + -(으)ㄴ데 correctly connects to a suggestion.
친구인데 학교에 안 왔어요.
chin-gu-in-de hak-gyo-e an wass-eo-yo., chin gu in de hak gyo e an wass eo yo.
Noun '친구' + (이)ㄴ데 correctly expresses contrast.
밥을 먹는데 TV를 봐요.
bap-eul meok-neun-de tvreul bwa-yo., bap eul meok neun de tvreul bwa yo.
Present verb + -는데 correctly shows simultaneous actions.
비가 오는데 우산을 안 가져왔어요.
bi-ga o-neun-de u-san-eul an ga-jyeo-wass-eo-yo., bi ga o neun de u san eul an ga jyeo wass eo yo.
Clearly shows background situation and contrast.
어제 갔는데 사람이 많았어요.
eo-je gass-neun-de sa-ram-i man-ass-eo-yo., eo je gass neun de sa ram i man ass eo yo.
Past verb + -(으)ㄴ데 naturally describes situation.
학생인데 선생님이에요.
hak-saeng-in-de seon-saeng-nim-i-e-yo., hak saeng in de seon saeng nim i e yo.
Noun + (이)ㄴ데 used for contrast/background, but sentence is contradictory and unnatural.
먹었는데 밥을 안 먹었어요.
meok-eoss-neun-de bap-eul an meok-eoss-eo-yo., meok eoss neun de bap eul an meok eoss eo yo.
Past verb + -(으)ㄴ데 clearly shows contrast.
Which sentence correctly uses -(으)ㄴ/는데?
Which is NOT a use of -(으)ㄴ/는데?
Which is a correct example of noun + -(이)ㄴ데?
