Pattern: -(으)ㄴ다
-(으)ㄴ다 (-(eu)ㄴda, (eu)ㄴda)
-(으)ㄴ다 is a Korean present tense declarative ending used to state facts in speech or writing.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
A sentence ending used to directly state facts or present situations.
When to use
casual conversation, writing diary, stating facts, writing reports
The nuance
Attach '-는다' if verb stem ends with a consonant, '-ㄴ다' if it ends with a vowel. Used as a declarative ending to state facts directly, mainly with verbs. Not used with nouns or adjectives.
나는 밥을 먹는다.
na-neun bap-eul meok-neun-da., na neun bap eul meok neun da.
Verb stem '먹' ends with a consonant, so '-는다' is attached for present tense.
그는 학교에 간다.
geu-neun hak-gyo-e gan-da., geu neun hak gyo e gan da.
Verb stem '가' ends with a vowel, so '-ㄴ다' is attached for present tense.
나는 예쁘다.
na-neun ye-ppeu-da., na neun ye ppeu da.
Adjectives do not take -(으)ㄴ다; use '-다' instead.
책이 재미있다.
chaek-i jae-mi-iss-da., chaek i jae mi iss da.
Not used with nouns or adjectives.
비가 온다.
bi-ga on-da., bi ga on da.
Verb stem '오' ends with vowel, so '-ㄴ다' is attached.
Which sentence correctly uses -(으)ㄴ다?
Which sentence cannot use -(으)ㄴ다?
