Pattern: -(으)ㄴ/는지라
-(으)ㄴ/는지라 (-(eu)ㄴ, (eu)ㄴ, neun-ji-ra, neunjira)
-(으)ㄴ/는지라 is a grammar pattern used to explain reasons or situations, often introducing a following statement based on past or present context.
When and how native speakers actually use it.
Indicates reason or situation, similar to 'because' or 'due to'
When to use
Formal explanation, Apologizing, Softly stating reasons
The nuance
Attach -(으)ㄴ지라 to past verb/adjective stems and -는지라 to present verb stems to explain reasons or situations. It is mainly used in formal or written contexts.
어제 비가 많이 온지라 길이 많이 막혔어요.
eo-je bi-ga man-i on-ji-ra gil-i man-i mak-hyeoss-eo-yo., eo je bi ga man i on ji ra gil i man i mak hyeoss eo yo.
Past verb '오다' (to come) in past form '온' plus '-지라' explains reason.
바빠서 못 갔어요.
ba-ppa-seo mos gass-eo-yo., ba ppa seo mos gass eo yo.
'-서' is fine, but to use '-는지라' it should be '바쁜지라'.
회의가 길어진지라 점심을 못 먹었어요.
hoe-ui-ga gil-eo-jin-ji-ra jeom-sim-eul mos meok-eoss-eo-yo., hoe ui ga gil eo jin ji ra jeom sim eul mos meok eoss eo yo.
Past verb '길어지다' in past form '길어진' plus '-지라' explains reason.
지금 바쁜지라 나중에 전화할게요.
ji-geum ba-ppeun-ji-ra na-jung-e jeon-hwa-hal-ge-yo., ji geum ba ppeun ji ra na jung e jeon hwa hal ge yo.
Present verb '바쁘다' in present form '바쁜' plus '-지라' explains reason.
그 사람이 안 왔는지라 회의를 시작했어요.
geu sa-ram-i an wass-neun-ji-ra hoe-ui-reul si-jak-haess-eo-yo., geu sa ram i an wass neun ji ra hoe ui reul si jak haess eo yo.
Past negative verb '오다' in form '안 왔는지라' explains reason.
피곤한지라 일찍 잤어요.
pi-gon-han-ji-ra il-jjik jass-eo-yo., pi gon han ji ra il jjik jass eo yo.
Adjective '피곤하다' in past form '피곤한' plus '-지라' explains reason.
그는 학생인 지라 공부를 많이 해요.
geu-neun hak-saeng-in ji-ra gong-bu-reul man-i hae-yo., geu neun hak saeng in ji ra gong bu reul man i hae yo.
Spacing error: '-지라' must be attached directly to the stem.
Which sentence correctly uses -(으)ㄴ/는지라?
Which -(으)ㄴ/는지라 form fits present situation?
Find the error in this sentence: '그는 아파는지라 학교에 못 갔어요.'
