강의 (gang-ui, gangui) · 토론 (to-ron, toron) · 발표 (bal-pyo, balpyo)
강의 involves one-way knowledge delivery, 토론 is interactive opinion exchange, and 발표 is structured information presentation.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
A one-way speaking style where a professor or lecturer delivers knowledge to students
When to use
university class, professional lecture, online lecture
The nuance
강의 is mainly used when delivering knowledge in classrooms or lectures, with minimal questions or discussions.
A speaking style where participants exchange opinions and discuss a topic interactively
When to use
opinion exchange in meetings, academic debates, political debates
The nuance
토론 is used when multiple people exchange opinions and debate, emphasizing two-way communication unlike 강의 or 발표.
A speaking style where prepared content is systematically delivered to an audience
When to use
academic presentation, company project report, school assignment presentation
The nuance
발표 is mainly used to present research results or project content, requiring clear and organized speech in front of an audience.
교수님이 이번 학기 동안 매주 강의를 진행하신다.
gyo-su-nim-i i-beon hak-gi dong-an mae-ju gang-ui-reul jin-haeng-ha-sin-da., gyo su nim i i beon hak gi dong an mae ju gang ui reul jin haeng ha sin da.
'강의' fits as it describes one-way knowledge delivery in a university class.
우리는 회의 시간에 새로운 정책에 대해 토론했다.
u-ri-neun hoe-ui si-gan-e sae-ro-un jeong-chaek-e dae-hae to-ron-haess-da., u ri neun hoe ui si gan e sae ro un jeong chaek e dae hae to ron haess da.
'토론' is appropriate because multiple people exchanged opinions during a meeting.
학생이 발표를 준비해서 학급 앞에서 설명했다.
hak-saeng-i bal-pyo-reul jun-bi-hae-seo hak-geup ap-e-seo seol-myeong-haess-da., hak saeng i bal pyo reul jun bi hae seo hak geup ap e seo seol myeong haess da.
'발표' fits as the student systematically presented prepared content to the class.
강의 중에 학생들이 열심히 토론했다.
gang-ui jung-e hak-saeng-deul-i yeol-sim-hi to-ron-haess-da., gang ui jung e hak saeng deul i yeol sim hi to ron haess da.
During a lecture, active discussion is usually separate; '토론' does not typically happen simultaneously with '강의'.
발표는 교수님이 학생들에게 지식을 전달하는 것이다.
bal-pyo-neun gyo-su-nim-i hak-saeng-deul-e-ge ji-sik-eul jeon-dal-ha-neun geos-i-da., bal pyo neun gyo su nim i hak saeng deul e ge ji sik eul jeon dal ha neun geos i da.
'발표' involves structured presentation, but one-way knowledge delivery is '강의'.
토론은 학생들이 각자의 의견을 나누는 것이다.
to-ron-eun hak-saeng-deul-i gak-ja-ui ui-gyeon-eul na-nu-neun geos-i-da., to ron eun hak saeng deul i gak ja ui ui gyeon eul na nu neun geos i da.
'토론' precisely describes participants exchanging opinions.
온라인 강의에서는 학생들이 자유롭게 발표한다.
on-ra-in gang-ui-e-seo-neun hak-saeng-deul-i ja-yu-rop-ge bal-pyo-han-da., on ra in gang ui e seo neun hak saeng deul i ja yu rop ge bal pyo han da.
Online lectures involve instructor delivery; free student presentations are separate activities.
회의에서 발표자가 프로젝트 결과를 설명했다.
hoe-ui-e-seo bal-pyo-ja-ga peu-ro-jek-teu gyeol-gwa-reul seol-myeong-haess-da., hoe ui e seo bal pyo ja ga peu ro jek teu gyeol gwa reul seol myeong haess da.
In meetings, presenting prepared project results fits '발표'.
Which speaking style fits an academic debate?
Which word is used when a professor delivers knowledge one-way to students?
What speaking style is used to systematically explain project results?
What activity involves exchanging opinions during a meeting?
