교환하다 (gyo-hwan-ha-da, gyohwanhada) · 교환되다 (gyo-hwan-doe-da, gyohwandoeda)
교환하다 (gyohwanhada) expresses an active act of exchanging by the subject, while 교환되다 (gyohwandoeda) emphasizes the exchange happening passively or being done to the subject.
One lane per word — no nested boxes, just the gist.
Active act of exchanging items or services by the subject
When to use
Direct exchange request, Active item exchange, Seller-buyer conversation
The nuance
Use when the subject actively performs the exchange. That is, when someone directly exchanges or requests to exchange an item.
Indicates the exchange act happened passively or was done to the subject
When to use
Passive exchange situation, Describing completed exchange, Item being the exchange target
The nuance
Use when the exchange is done by someone else or the subject is passively affected by the exchange.
이 제품을 다른 색상으로 교환하고 싶어요.
i je-pum-eul da-reun saek-sang-eu-ro gyo-hwan-ha-go sip-eo-yo., i je pum eul da reun saek sang eu ro gyo hwan ha go sip eo yo.
The subject actively performs the exchange, so '교환하다' is correct.
이 제품은 다른 색상으로 교환되고 싶어요.
i je-pum-eun da-reun saek-sang-eu-ro gyo-hwan-doe-go sip-eo-yo., i je pum eun da reun saek sang eu ro gyo hwan doe go sip eo yo.
The product cannot have intent; use active '교환하다' for the subject who acts.
고객님께서 상품을 교환하셨습니다.
go-gaek-nim-kke-seo sang-pum-eul gyo-hwan-ha-syeoss-seup-ni-da., go gaek nim kke seo sang pum eul gyo hwan ha syeoss seup ni da.
The customer actively performed the exchange, so '교환하다' is correct.
상품이 고객에 의해 교환되었다.
sang-pum-i go-gaek-e ui-hae gyo-hwan-doe-eoss-da., sang pum i go gaek e ui hae gyo hwan doe eoss da.
The exchange happened passively to the product, so '교환되다' is correct.
나는 친구와 책을 교환되었다.
na-neun chin-gu-wa chaek-eul gyo-hwan-doe-eoss-da., na neun chin gu wa chaek eul gyo hwan doe eoss da.
The subject is active, so passive '교환되었다' is incorrect.
이 상품은 교환이 불가능합니다.
i sang-pum-eun gyo-hwan-i bul-ga-neung-hap-ni-da., i sang pum eun gyo hwan i bul ga neung hap ni da.
The product is the exchange target, so passive form '교환되다' fits.
직원들이 고객과 교환되었다.
jik-won-deul-i go-gaek-gwa gyo-hwan-doe-eoss-da., jik won deul i go gaek gwa gyo hwan doe eoss da.
Exchanging people is unnatural and semantically odd.
고객님은 새 제품으로 교환하셨습니다.
go-gaek-nim-eun sae je-pum-eu-ro gyo-hwan-ha-syeoss-seup-ni-da., go gaek nim eun sae je pum eu ro gyo hwan ha syeoss seup ni da.
The customer actively exchanged, so '교환하다' is correct.
Which sentence expresses an active exchange?
Which sentence describes a passive exchange situation?
Which verb is correct in 'I want to exchange this product'?
